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Table 2 Summary statistics. This table shows the summary statistics of the variables for 1478 startup–incumbent–year dyads
From: Extending the role of headquarters beyond the firm boundary: entrepreneurial alliance innovation
| Mean | SD | Min | Max | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dependent variable | ||||
| Forward Citation Count | 36.13 | 88.38 | 0 | 598 |
| Main independent variable | ||||
| Distance CHQ to Startup | 2.10 | 1.69 | 0.00 | 4.35 |
| Moderator variables | ||||
| CHQ R&D Function | 0.34 | 0.47 | 0 | 1 |
| Horizontal Alliance | 0.10 | 0.29 | 0 | 1 |
| Control variables | ||||
| CHQ Consolidated | 0.61 | 0.49 | 0 | 1 |
| Distance Subsidiary to Startup (Closest) | 2.14 | 1.63 | 0.00 | 4.24 |
| Alliance Exploitation | 0.27 | 0.44 | 0 | 1 |
| Alliance Equity and Joint Venture | 0.16 | 0.37 | 0 | 1 |
| Alliance Duration | 3.34 | 1.67 | 1 | 6 |
| Incumbent Subsidiary Dispersion | 29.95 | 24.28 | 0 | 89 |
| Incumbent Portfolio Dispersion | 5.40 | 2.78 | 1 | 11 |
| Incumbent Patent Count (Five-Year Lagged) | 245.37 | 1867.06 | 1 | 29,433 |
| Incumbent Age | 67.99 | 53.45 | 0 | 160 |
| Incumbent Size (Logged) | 6.61 | 1.57 | 1.10 | 8.92 |
| Incumbent Acquired | 0.01 | 0.10 | 0 | 1 |
| Startup Portfolio Dispersion | 0.01 | 0.12 | 0 | 1 |
| Startup Patent Count (Five-Year Lagged) | 20.03 | 42.29 | 1 | 438 |
| Startup Age | 17.31 | 23.34 | 0 | 159 |
| Startup Size (Binary) | 0.62 | 0.48 | 0 | 1 |
| Startup Manufacturing | 0.60 | 0.49 | 0 | 1 |
| Startup Capital Investment (Cumulative) | 7.18 | 25.90 | 0.00 | 172.77 |
| Robustness check independent variables | ||||
| Startup Patent Count (One-Year Lagged) | 20.33 | 37.05 | 1 | 438 |
| Cumulative Startup Patent Count (One-Year Lagged) | 294.36 | 604.14 | 4 | 3070 |
